Andrzej Tadeusz Bonawentura Kościuszko (February 4, 1746 – October 15, 1817) was a Polish-Lithuanian military leader who is regarded as a national hero in Poland, Lithuania, Belarus and the United States. He led the 1794 Kościuszko Uprising against Imperial Russia.
Kościuszko was born in Mereczowszczyzna, now an abandoned village in Belarus. He was the son of Polish noble Ludwik Tadeusz Kościuszko and Tekla, née Ratomska. He was the youngest child in a family whose lineages are traced to Lithuanian and Ruthenian nobility and to a 15th–16th–century courtier of King Sigismund I the Old, Konstanty Fiodorowicz Kostiuszko. By the time of his birth, the family possessed modest holdings in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. His first language may have been Belarusian, and he was christened in both the Eastern Orthodox and Roman Catholic religions. As a result of the dual baptisms, he bore the names Andrei and Tadeusz.
As a national hero of both Poland and the United States, Kościuszko has given his name to many places around the world. The Polish explorer Count Paweł Edmund Strzelecki named the highest mountain in continental Australia, Mount Kosciuszko, for him; the mountain is now the central point of Kosciuszko National Park.
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